Genetic engineering is concerned with manipulating the genetic makeup of cells, by transferring genes either within or across species, to produce improved organisms. Recombinant DNA methods or artificially synthesizing DNA are some methods to obtain new DNA. It is then inserted into the host organism. Crops are genetically engineered to exhibit characteristics of increased tolerance to abiotic stress factors, higher yields and better quality of crops. Research in modern plant genetics has led to the sequencing of plant genomes. The “Gene gun” method, Agrobacterium method, electroporation and microinjection are common techniques of modifying genes in organisms. This book explores all the important aspects of plant genetic engineering in the present day scenario. It strives to provide a fair idea about this discipline and to help develop a better understanding of the latest advances within this field. For all those who are interested in genetic engineering of plants, this book can prove to be an essential guide.