Introduction to microprocessor, Microprocessor architecture and its operations, Memory, Input and output devices, Logic devices for interfacing, The 8085 MPU, Example of an 8085 based computer, Memory interfacing. Basic interfacing concepts, Interfacing output displays, Interfacing input devices, Memory mapped I/O, Flowchart symbols, Data transfer operations, Arithmetic operations, Logic operations, Branch operation, Writing assembly language programs, Programming techniques: Looping, Counting and indexing. Additional data transfer and 16 bit arithmetic instruction, Arithmetic operations related to memory, Logic operation : Rotate, Compare, Counter and time delays, Illustrative program: Hexadecimal counter, Zero-to-nine, (module ten) counter, Generating pulse waveforms, Debugging counter and time delay, Stack, Subroutine, Restart, Conditional call and return instructions, Advance subroutine concepts, The 8085 interrupts, 8085 vector interrupts. Program : BCD-to-binary conversion, Binary-to-BCD conversion, BCD-to-Seven segment code converter, Binary-to-ASCII and ASCII-to-Binary code conversion, BCD addition, BCD subtraction, Introduction to advance instructions and application, Multiplication, Subtraction with carry. 8255 programmable peripheral interface, Interfacing keyboard and seven segment display, 8254 (8253) programmable interval timer, 8259A programmable interrupt controller, Direct memory access and 8237 DMA controller. Introduction to 8086 microprocessor : Architecture of 8086 (Pin diagram, Functional block diagram, Register organization).