This textbook has been designed to meet the needs of B.Sc. Second Semester students of Botany as per Common Minimum Syllabus prescribed for all Uttar Pradesh State Universities and Colleges under the recommended National Education Policy 2020. Maintaining the traditional approach to the subject, this textbook not only provides strong conceptual understanding, but also helps in developing scientific outlook of the student. It comprehensively covers two papers, namely, Archegoniates & Plant Architecture and Land Plants Architecture. While it aptly discusses morphology, anatomy & reproduction of bryophytes, pteridophytes and gymnosperms, it also covers palaeobotany and palynology in great detail. Practical part, covering Land Plants Architecture, has been presented systematically to help students learn experimental procedures swiftly. · Relevant and well-labelled diagrams have been provided for easy understanding of the concepts · Engaging unit-end exercises have been provided for practice · Collection of experiments to stimulate interest and aid in learning & memorizing the practical aspect of the subject