The contents of the book have been designed taking into account the syllabus laid down by All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), Vinayak Mission University (VMU), Allahabad Agricultural Institute, and Institute of Public Health and Hygiene (IPH&H), and other prestigious institutes, for students of optometry. However, it will be of equal use to students of MBBS course and ophthalmology residents.