Cardiac surgery refers to the surgery that is performed on the heart or the great vessels. It is used to treat complications of the heart caused by coronary heart disease, to correct congenital heart disease, or to treat valvular heart disease. Cardiac surgery is broadly divided into four types, namely, open-heart surgery, heart transplant, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and minimally invasive surgery. The use of robotics in heart surgery is also being considered as a safe alternative to traditional techniques. This book elucidates new techniques in cardiac surgery and their applications in a multidisciplinary manner. It strives to provide a fair idea about this discipline and to help develop a better understanding of the latest advances within this field. With state-of-the-art inputs by acclaimed experts of this field, this book targets students and professionals.