Hypoxia can be described as the condition in which there is a low concentration of oxygen in the body or a body part. It is caused due to a difference between the amount of oxygen demanded by the body and the amount of oxygenated blood that is supplied. Hypoxia can be identified through signs and symptoms such as waking up out of breath, severe shortness of breath after physical activity, feelings of choking, wheezing, frequent cough, and bluish discoloration of the skin. Hypoxia can be reversed by providing extra oxygen. This can be done with the help of oxygen tanks, oxygen concentrators and liquid oxygen. Hypoxia can also be treated by taking medications to control breathing problems caused by other conditions. This book elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments in relation to hypoxia and human diseases. Different approaches, evaluations, methodologies, and advanced studies on this topic have been included in it. This book will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.