Hematology refers to the branch of medical science concerned with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of blood diseases, including cancer. It is a subspecialty of internal medicine. Oncology is another field of medical science that deals with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cancer. The interdisciplinary branch of hematology-oncology, abbreviated as hem-onc, mostly focuses on blood cancers such as leukemia and myeloma. It is also involved in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as iron deficiency anemia, hemophilia, sickle cell disease, thalassemia and lymphoma. This book discusses the fundamentals as well as modern approaches of the integrated field of hematology and oncology. Various evaluations, methodologies and advanced studies on this field have been included herein. As this field is emerging at a fast pace, this book will help the readers to better understand the concepts of this field.