After decades of research in clinical transplantation,  new techniques have been developed that permit a further understanding of the  immune mechanisms underlying immune recognition of allografts and a more accurate and  thorough evaluation of compatibility between donors and recipients. The second edition of Transplantation Immunology: Methods and Protocols expands upon the previous edition with current, detailed methods in transplantation immunology.  The new methods chapters cover four major areas that are being applied in compatibility evaluations and ongoing transplantation immunology research.