India has witnessed a drastic change in its agricultural scenario during the last four decades, launched into three successive stages of agricultural development. These stages may be termed as the phases of agricultural initiation one after another in order to meet-out growing challenges of the rapid strides of the population growth in the recent past. These phases may be listed as- (i) Extension of cultivated land (1950-1965), (ii) To raise productivity of the existing land (Green Revolution 1965-80) and (iii) Adoption of intensive farming methods & techniques (1980s onward). The first phase of development was linked with the post-independence period, whereas the second phase takes its shape during the Green Revolution (1965-80). The third phase was initiated as the aftermath of GR, intensifying land resources marked by 1980s development. The period is marked as the adoption of most innovative and scientific techniques like Bio-culture and genetic engineering. Despite the fact that we have used the best known techniques in our all doing efforts of raising agricultural production from the existing land resources. But, the land is gradually turning to infertile, retarding and declining in its productivity. Is it not that in doing so, we are changing the ecosystem of the crop land which may lead to Agro-ecological problems and one day, refuses to yield anything? The problem of traditionality versus modernity in agricultural development, is conflicting with the existence of the biotic land resources and compelling them to a low sustenance to a total destruction, manifested with degradation in agro-eco-system in a milieu. The perception of complex intricate relationship of biotic and abiotic elements is rarely highlighted in the geographical writings, while the whole complextion is undergoing perpetual change. The present attempt is thus a step ahead in dealing with agro-environmental problems which are folded in this volume by taking examples from the state of Rajasthan.'