Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a type of cancer which affects the liver. It is the most common type of primary liver cancer. It can be treated through surgery or a liver transplant if identified early in its development. Other treatment methods include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Pre-existing conditions such as hepatitis B or C, cirrhosis and other such chronic liver diseases can increase the likelihood of getting HCC. Blood tests, imaging tests and liver biopsy can be used for its diagnosis. Treatment methods depend on the size and location of the cancer, and the health of the liver and the body. This book strives to provide a fair idea about hepatocellular carcinoma and to help develop a better understanding of the latest advances in cancer research. It will provide interesting topics for research which concerned readers can take up. A number of latest researches have been included to keep the readers up-to-date with the global concepts in this area of study.