Reproductive biology refers to the scientific study of the reproductive system. It involves both sexual and asexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction requires a single parent. The offspring generated from asexual reproduction are genetically identical to each other and to the parent. This reproduction includes binary fission, fragmentation and budding. Sexual reproduction requires two parents. The offspring, in this case, have similarities but are not identical to the parents. Sexual reproduction involves the process of fertilization in which two gametes produced by each parent unite. Reproduction biology encompasses a wide range of fields such as reproductive systems, endocrinology, sexual development, sexual maturity, reproduction and fertility. This book elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments in relation to reproductive biology. Different approaches, evaluations, methodologies, and advanced studies on this topic have been included in this book. It will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.