Nutritional science is the science that studies the biological process of nutrition. It tries to understand nutrients and other substances in food, and their role in the maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism. Nutrition science focuses on dietary concerns and health issues surrounding food, eating and medicine. It also includes studies on molecular interactions, metabolic and signaling pathways, physiology, pathology, and toxicology. Studies related to the behavioral and social factors associated with food choices also fall under nutrition science. It is a multidisciplinary field rooted in chemistry, biology and the social sciences. The many areas of specialization within this field are food and wellness, community nutrition, exercise science, and nutrition education. The book studies, analyses and upholds the pillars of nutrition science and its utmost significance in modern times. It covers in detail some existent theories and innovative concepts revolving around this field. This book on nutrition science is a collective contribution of a renowned group of international experts.