This volume brings together several of Professor Irfan Habib's hitherto uncollected essays, providing an insightful interpretation of the main currents in Indian history from the standpoint of Marxist histography. He examines the role played by the peasantry and caste in Indian history; explores the forms of caste struggle and the stage of development of the economy in Mughal India; analyses the impact of colonialism on the Indian economy; and chronicles the changes in Marx's perception of India. Representing three decades of scholarship, each essay in this collection is painstakingly researched and immensely erudite. The volume will prove indispensable to scholars and students of Indian history.